Assessment Report - Kalanchoe alticola

	IUCN Species Information Service (SIS) Toolkit
	Assessment Report

Taxonomy
Kingdom	Phylum	Class	Order	Family
PLANTAE	TRACHEOPHYTA	MAGNOLIOPSIDA	SAXIFRAGALES	CRASSULACEAE

Scientific Name:	Kalanchoe alticola
Species Authority:	Compton
Common Name/s: -
Synonym/s:	-
Taxonomic Notes:	-

Assessment Information
Red List Category & Criteria:	Vulnerable D2
Year Assessed:	2023
Assessor/s:	Braun, K.
Reviewer/s:	Raimondo, D. & Loffler, L.
Contributor/s:
Facilitator/s:
Institutions/s:
Justification: This species has a very restricted distribution and is only known from very few records, its extent of occurrence (EOO) was calculated as 837 km² and area of occupancy (AOO) of 12 km². It has only been recorded from three locations and is potentially threatened by livestock overgrazing and burning of its habitat, it has therefore been assessed as Vulnerable under Criterion D2.
History:	-

Geographic Range
Range Description:	This species has been recorded from two locations in the Eswatini highveld north east of Mbabane, and from one near Mbombela in South Africa.
Countries:	Native: Eswatini; Mpumalanga;

Population
Population:	There is currently no detailed population information for this species as most records are from old herbarium collection made prior to 1978. Targeted fieldwork is required to determine its continued existence at the known locations, as well as the current status of the subpopulations, but for the purposes of this assessment, it was assumed that the plant still occurs in these locations due to the availability of habitat. It is not known whether the population is declining.
Population Trend:	Unknown

Population

Population:

There is currently no detailed population information for this species as most records are from old herbarium collection made prior to 1978. Targeted fieldwork is required to determine its continued existence at the known locations, as well as the current status of the subpopulations, but for the purposes of this assessment, it was assumed that the plant still occurs in these locations due to the availability of habitat. It is not known whether the population is declining.

Population Trend:

Unknown

Habitat and Ecology
Habitat and Ecology:	This species is recorded as growing in rock crevices in the Eswatini highveld on hilltops. The vegetation type is KaNgwane Montane Grassland (Gm16) (Mucina et. al. 2018), and based on the vague locality details for the record in South Africa collected in 1932 its habitat there is not known.
List of Habitats:	4 Grassland 4.7 Grassland - Subtropical/Tropical High Altitude

Threats
Major Threat(s):	Although much of the Eswatini highveld grassland areas are subject to heavy grazing and burning, its preference for rocky hilltops may provide it some refuge, however burning, livestock grazing and trampling are potential threats.
List of Threats:	2 Agriculture & aquaculture 2.3 Livestock farming & ranching 2.3.2 Small-holder grazing, ranching or farming 7 Natural system modifications 7.1 Fire & fire suppression 7.1.1 Increase in fire frequency/intensity

Conservation Actions
Conservation Actions:	None of the known locations for this species fall within a formally protected area. Collection of material for ex-situ conservation of this species would assist with the long term survival. Fieldwork is required to confirm its continued existence in the localities where it has been found in the past, and to determine whether there are any additional subpopulations. Quantification of the impact of threats is required.
List of Conservation Actions:	1 Land/water protection 1.2 Resource & habitat protection 3 Species management 3.4 Ex-situ conservation 3.4.2 Genome resource bank

Conservation Actions

Conservation Actions:

None of the known locations for this species fall within a formally protected area. Collection of material for ex-situ conservation of this species would assist with the long term survival. Fieldwork is required to confirm its continued existence in the localities where it has been found in the past, and to determine whether there are any additional subpopulations. Quantification of the impact of threats is required.

List of Conservation Actions:

1 Land/water protection
1.2 Resource & habitat protection
3 Species management
3.4 Ex-situ conservation
3.4.2 Genome resource bank

Bibliography
	Bachman, S., Moat, J., Hill, A.W., de la Torre, J. and Scott, B. 2011. Supporting Red List threat assessments with GeoCAT geospatial conservation tool. In: Smith V, Penev L (Eds) e-Infrastructure for data publishing in biodiversity science. . ZooKeys 150: 117-126. Mucina, L., Rutherford, M.C. and Powrie, L.W. (Editors). 2018. The Vegetation Map of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. South African National Biodiversity Institute. Available at: http://bgis.sanbi.org/Projects/Detail/186.

Bibliography

Bachman, S., Moat, J., Hill, A.W., de la Torre, J. and Scott, B. 2011. Supporting Red List threat assessments with GeoCAT geospatial conservation tool. In: Smith V, Penev L (Eds) e-Infrastructure for data publishing in biodiversity science. . ZooKeys 150: 117-126.
Mucina, L., Rutherford, M.C. and Powrie, L.W. (Editors). 2018. The Vegetation Map of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. South African National Biodiversity Institute. Available at: http://bgis.sanbi.org/Projects/Detail/186.

Citation: